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Wild onion (''Allium canadense''), also known as Canada onion, wild garlic, meadow garlic, and Canadian garlic, is a perennial plant native to eastern North America from Texas to Florida to New Brunswick to Montana. The species is also cultivated in other regions as an ornamental and as a garden culinary herb.〔(Izel, Native Plants For Your Garden, Washington DC, ''Allium canadense'' )〕 The plant is also reportedly naturalized in Cuba.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew )〕 Allium canadense has an edible bulb covered with a dense skin of brown fibers and tastes like an onion. The plant also has strong, onion-like odor. Crow garlic (''Allium vineale'') is similar, but it has a strong garlic taste.〔 The narrow, grass-like leaves originate near the base of the stem, which is topped by a dome-like cluster of star-shaped, pink or white flowers. These flowers may be partially or entirely replaced by bulblets.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Allium canadense in Flora of North America @ efloras.org )〕 When present, the flowers are hermaphroditic (both male and female organs) and are pollinated by American bees (not honeybees) and other insects. It typically flowers in the spring and early summer, from May to June.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=vol. 2 - Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum - Biodiversity Heritage Library )〕〔Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the Vascular Plants of Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.〕〔Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence〕〔Schwegman, J. E. 1991. The Vascular Flora of Langham Island, Kankakee County, Illinois. Erigenia 11: 1–8.〕〔Voss, E. G. 1972. Gymnosperms and Monocots. i–xv, 1–488. In Michigan Flora. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.〕〔Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida i–x, 1–806. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.〕〔Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason New Britton and Brown Illustrated Flora of the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York. 〕 ==Varieties== The bulblet-producing form is classified as ''A. canadense'' var. ''canadense''.〔 It was once thought that the tree onion could be related to this plant, but it is now known that the cultivated tree onion is a hybrid between the common onion (''A. cepa'') and Welsh onion (''A. fistulosum''), classified as ''A. ×proliferum''. Five varieties of the species are widely recognized:〔〔 *''Allium canadense'' var. ''canadense'' - most pedicels replaced by bulbils rarely producing fruits or seeds, most of the range of the species *''Allium canadense'' var. ''ecristatum'' Ownbey tepals deep pink and rather thick, coastal plain of Texas *''Allium canadense'' var. ''fraseri'' Ownbey - flowers white, Great Plains from Texas to Kansas *''Allium canadense'' var. ''hyacinthoides'' (Bush) Ownbey - tepals pink, thin, flowers fragrant, northern Texas and southern Oklahoma *''Allium canadense'' var. ''lavandulare'' (Bates) Ownbey & Aase - flowers lavender, not fragrant, northern Arkansas to South Dakota *''Allium canadense'' var. ''mobilense'' (Regel) Ownbey - flowers lilac, pedicels thread-like, southeastern US 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Allium canadense」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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